Blood Transfusion

A blood transfusion is when blood components, such as red blood cells, platelets, or plasma, are given through an intravenous (IV) line to a patient. Blood is made up of: 

• Red blood cells: carry oxygen
• Platelets: help clotting (stop bleeding)
• Plasma: liquid part containing proteins and nutrients

You might need blood if:

• You lost blood during surgery or an accident
• Your body isn’t making enough blood, like with anemia (such as low hemoglobin)

1. Before we start: We check your name, birth date, and/or medical record number, blood type, and your vital signs (temperature, blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate, and blood oxygen level).
2. Starting the transfusion: We use an IV line to start the blood transfusion.
3. First 15 minutes: We watch you closely because reactions can happen, and most reactions happen early.
4. After that: If you feel okay, we will continue the transfusion. A transfusion usually takes 2–4 hours.
5. During and after: We keep checking your vital signs and how you feel.

• To keep you safe: We want to catch any signs of allergic reactions, such as itching, hives, or a rash. We also monitor you for other reactions, such as fever, chills, headache, nausea, and more serious reactions, like chest or back pain, or difficulty breathing. Reactions usually happen in the first 15 minutes. Staying in the room helps us act fast if needed. 
• To check how your body is responding: Changes in blood pressure, heart rate, or temperature can be early signs of a reaction.

• Itchy or have a rash
• Fever or chills
• Chest pain or back pain
• Trouble breathing
• Dizziness or fast heartbeat
• Swelling of the face or lips

We will recheck your vital signs and may perform blood tests. If you develop symptoms later (such as fever, rash, dark urine, or breathing problems), let your nurse know right away or contact the Nurse Help Line at 651-229-3890.